Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2019)
J Res Dent Maxillofac Sci 2019, 4(2): 32-36 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Dadresanfar B, Vatanpour M, Farahmand M, Taheri S, Mahaseni Aghdam H. Ex Vivo Comparative Study of the Effect of Different Concentrations of Green Tea Extract and Two Common Irrigants on Root Canals Infected with Enterococcus faecalis. J Res Dent Maxillofac Sci 2019; 4 (2) :32-36
URL: http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/article-1-186-en.html
URL: http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/article-1-186-en.html
1- Assistant Professor, Endodontics Dept, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2- Assistant professor, Endodontics Dept,Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences
3- Postgraduate student, Orthodontics Dept, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran ,mona.farahmand87@gmail.com
4- Dentist
5- Assistant professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implant Research Center, Dental Faculty, Tehran Medical Sciences
2- Assistant professor, Endodontics Dept,Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences
3- Postgraduate student, Orthodontics Dept, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran ,
4- Dentist
5- Assistant professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implant Research Center, Dental Faculty, Tehran Medical Sciences
Abstract: (3049 Views)
Background and Aim: One of the main goals of endodontic treatments is to disinfect the root canal and dentin tubules. This study compared the antimicrobial effect of different concentrations of green tea extract with that of two common irrigants on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in the root canal system.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study on 124 single canal teeth, suspensions derived from the 24-hour culture of E. faecalis were inoculated into the canals, and the samples were incubated for two weeks. Then, the teeth were divided into six experimental groups (n=20) and two control groups (n=2). In the first group, 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), in the second group, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), in the third group, 3.125% green tea extract, in the fourth group, 12.5% green tea extract, in the fifth group, 25% green tea extract, and in the sixth group, normal saline was used for root canal irrigation. The next day, the extracted liquid from vortexed dentin fragments was cultured, and the colony-forming units (CFU) were counted 48 hours later. Data were analyzed using Mann-U-Whitney test.
Results: The CFU count for NaOCl and CHX showed a statistically significant difference compared to different groups of green tea extract (P<0.001). The percentage of microorganism reduction was 100% with NaOCl, 98.9% with CHX, 58.35% with 3.125% green tea, 8.1% with 12.5% green tea, 94.8% with 25% green tea, and 57.5% with normal saline.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that green tea extract can be used in endodontic treatment as the final root canal irrigant considering its naturalness and its antimicrobial ability.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study on 124 single canal teeth, suspensions derived from the 24-hour culture of E. faecalis were inoculated into the canals, and the samples were incubated for two weeks. Then, the teeth were divided into six experimental groups (n=20) and two control groups (n=2). In the first group, 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), in the second group, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), in the third group, 3.125% green tea extract, in the fourth group, 12.5% green tea extract, in the fifth group, 25% green tea extract, and in the sixth group, normal saline was used for root canal irrigation. The next day, the extracted liquid from vortexed dentin fragments was cultured, and the colony-forming units (CFU) were counted 48 hours later. Data were analyzed using Mann-U-Whitney test.
Results: The CFU count for NaOCl and CHX showed a statistically significant difference compared to different groups of green tea extract (P<0.001). The percentage of microorganism reduction was 100% with NaOCl, 98.9% with CHX, 58.35% with 3.125% green tea, 8.1% with 12.5% green tea, 94.8% with 25% green tea, and 57.5% with normal saline.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that green tea extract can be used in endodontic treatment as the final root canal irrigant considering its naturalness and its antimicrobial ability.
Keywords: Root Canal Irrigants, green tea extract polyphenon E, Enterococcus faecalis, Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine
Type of Study: Original article |
Subject:
Oral medicine
References
1. Hahn CL, Liewehr FR. Relationships between caries bacteria, host responses, and clinical signs and symptoms of pulpitis. J Endod. 2007 Mar 1;33(3):213-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2006.11.008] [PMID]
2. Sjögren U, Figdor D, Persson S, Sundqvist G. Influence of infection at the time of root filling on the outcome of endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis. Int Endod J. 1997 Sep 1;30(5):297-306. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2591.1997.tb00714.x] [PMID]
3. Gomes BP, Pinheiro ET, Jacinto RC, Zaia AA, Ferraz CC, Souza-Filho FJ. Microbial analysis of canals of root-filled teeth with periapical lesions using polymerase chain reaction. J Endod. 2008 May 1;34(5):537-40. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2008.01.016] [PMID]
4. Torabinejad M, Khademi AA, Babagoli J, Cho Y, Johnson WB, Bozhilov K, et al. A new solution for the removal of the smear layer. J Endod. 2003 Mar 1;29(3):170-5. [DOI:10.1097/00004770-200303000-00002] [PMID]
5. Wang CS, Arnold RR, Trope M, Teixeira FB. Clinical efficiency of 2% chlorhexidine gel in reducing intracanal bacteria. J Endod. 2007 Nov 1;33(11):1283-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2007.07.010] [PMID]
6. Osterburg A, Gardner J, Hyon SH, Neely A, Babcock G. Highly antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates are killed by the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009 Apr 1;15(4):341-6. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02710.x] [PMID]
7. Prabhakar J, Senthilkumar M, Priya MS, Mahalakshmi K, Sehgal PK, Sukumaran VG. Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of herbal alternatives (Triphala and green tea polyphenols), MTAD, and 5% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formed on tooth substrate: an in vitro study. J Endod. 2010 Jan 1;36(1):83-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2009.09.040] [PMID]
8. Kakehashi S, Stanley HR, Fitzgerald RJ. The effects of surgical exposures of dental pulps in germ-free and conventional laboratory rats. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1965 Sep 1;20(3):340-9. [DOI:10.1016/0030-4220(65)90166-0]
9. Retamozo B, Shabahang S, Johnson N, Aprecio RM, Torabinejad M. Minimum contact time and concentration of sodium hypochlorite required to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod. 2010 Mar 1;36(3):520-3. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2009.12.005] [PMID]
10. de Paz LC. Redefining the persistent infection in root canals: possible role of biofilm communities. J Endod. 2007 Jun 1;33(6):652-62. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2006.11.004] [PMID]
11. Arias-Moliz MT, Ferrer-Luque CM, Espigares-García M, Baca P. Enterococcus faecalis biofilms eradication by root canal irrigants. J Endod. 2009 May 1;35(5):711-4. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2009.01.018] [PMID]
12. Liu H, Wei X, Ling J, Wang W, Puang X. Biofilm formation capability of Enterococcus faecalis cells in starvation phase and its susceptibility to sodium hypochlorite. J Endod 2010;36:630-5. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2009.11.016] [PMID]
13. Christensen CE, McNeal SF, Eleazer P. Effect of lowering the pH of sodium hypochlorite on dissolving tissue in vitro. J Endod. 2008 Apr 1;34(4):449-52. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2008.01.001] [PMID]
14. Siqueira JF, Machado AG, Silveira RM, Lopes HP, Uzeda MD. Evaluation of the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite used with three irrigation methods in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal, in vitro. Int Endod J. 1997 Jul 1;30(4):279-82. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2591.1997.tb00708.x] [PMID]
15. Giardino L, Ambu E, Savoldi E, Rimondini R, Cassanelli C, Debbia EA. Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite, MTAD, and Tetraclean against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. J Endod. 2007 Jul 1;33(7):852-5. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2007.02.012] [PMID]
16. Pujar M, Patil C, Kadam A. Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of Triphala, (GTP) Green tea polyphenols and 3% of sodium hypochlorite on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms formed on tooth substrate: in vitro. J Int Oral Health. 2011;3(2):23-29.
17. Kishen A, Sum CP, Mathew S, Lim CT. Influence of irrigation regimens on the adherence of Enterococcus faecalis to root canal dentin. J Endod. 2008 Jul 1;34(7):850-4. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2008.04.006] [PMID]
18. Bui TB, Baumgartner JC, Mitchell JC. Evaluation of the interaction between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate and its effect on root dentin. J Endod. 2008 Feb 1;34(2):181-5. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2007.11.006] [PMID]
19. Oliveira DP, Barbizam JV, Trope M, Teixeira FB. In vitro antibacterial efficacy of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 May 1;103(5):702-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.11.007] [PMID]
20. Rosenthal S, Spångberg L, Safavi K. Chlorhexidine substantivity in root canal dentin. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2004 Oct 1;98(4):488-92. [DOI:10.1016/j.tripleo.2003.07.005] [PMID]
21. Murray PE, Farber RM, Namerow KN, Kuttler S, Garcia-Godoy F. Evaluation of Morinda citrifolia as an endodontic irrigant. J Endod. 2008 Jan 1;34(1):66-70. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2007.09.016] [PMID]
22. Williamson AE, Cardon JW, Drake DR. Antimicrobial susceptibility of monoculture biofilms of clinical isolate of Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod. 2009;35:95-97. [DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2008.09.004] [PMID]
23. Ravanshad S, Basiri E, Mohammadzadeh M. In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Zataria multiflora as an Irrigant in Infected Root Canals with Enterococcus faecalis. J Dent (Shiraz). 2009;10(2):92-98.
24. Yang JC, Shun CT, Chien CT, Wang TH. Effective prevention and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection using a combination of catechins and sialic acid in AGS cells and BALB/c mice. J Nutr. 2008;138(11):2084-90. [DOI:10.3945/jn.108.090985] [PMID]
25. Hirasawa M, Takada K, Otake S. Inhibition of acid production in dental plaque bacteria by Green tea catechins. Caries Res. 2006;40(3);265-270. [DOI:10.1159/000092236] [PMID]
26. Nara A, Dhanu, Chandra P, Anandakrishna L, Dhananjaya. Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of MTAD, 3% NaOCI and Propolis Against E Faecalis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2010 Jan-Apr;3(1):21-5. [DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1049] [PMID] [PMCID]
27. Schäfer E, Bössmann K. Antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine and two calcium hydroxide formulations against Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod. 2005 Jan;31(1):53-6. [DOI:10.1097/01.DON.0000134209.28874.1C] [PMID]
28. Seghatoleslami S, Samadi N, Salehnia A, Azimi S. Antibacterial activity of endemic Satureja Khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil against oral pathogens. Iran Endod J. 2009 Winter;4(1):5-9.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
