Journal of Research in Dental
and Maxillofacial Sciences
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2026)
J Res Dent Maxillofac Sci 2026, 11(1): 45-56 |
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Ethics code: IR.TUMS.DENTISTRY.REC.1399.254
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Milani S, Shahrabi M, Hosseini Z, Amini Harandi F, Baniebrahimi G. Cariogram Profile of Iranian Children in the Primary and Mixed Dentition Periods. J Res Dent Maxillofac Sci 2026; 11 (1) :45-56
URL: http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/article-1-1171-en.html
URL: http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/article-1-1171-en.html
Shabnam Milani1 
, Mehdi Shahrabi2 , Zahra Hosseini3 , Fatemeh Amini Harandi4 , Ghazaleh Baniebrahimi *5
, Mehdi Shahrabi2 , Zahra Hosseini3 , Fatemeh Amini Harandi4 , Ghazaleh Baniebrahimi *5
1- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
2- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. & Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- Dentist in Private Practice, Tehran, Iran
5- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,ghazalebaniebrahimi@gmail.com
2- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. & Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- Dentist in Private Practice, Tehran, Iran
5- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,
Abstract: (239 Views)
Background and Aim: This study compared the caries risk profile of Iranian children in the primary and mixed dentition periods using the Cariogram model.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 children in the primary (5-6 years) and mixed (11-12 years) dentition periods (100 participants per group). Data were collected through parental interviews, oral clinical examination, and saliva sampling. All sectors of the Cariogram, except Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) microbial testing, were evaluated. After obtaining the Cariogram profile of children, their caries risk was estimated and compared between the two groups by t-test. Each Cariogram component was compared between the two groups after controlling for demographic confounders using the regression analysis (alpha=0.05).
Results: In the primary dentition group, 5% of children had very low/low caries risk, 11% had moderate, and 84% had high/very high risk. In the mixed dentition group, 19% had very low/low risk, 32% had moderate, and 49% had high/very high risk. The mean risk of caries was significantly higher in the primary than mixed dentition period (74.92% vs. 56.60%, P=0.002). Caries experience (OR=5.17, P<0.001), salivary secretion (OR=2.61, P=0.002), using a fluoridated toothpaste (OR=2.41, P=0.02), diet (OR=3.14, P=0.01), diet frequency (OR=2.53, P=0.004), and clinical judgment (OR=2.19, P=0.01) were also significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that Iranian children in the primary dentition period had a significantly higher risk of caries, associated with higher sugar intake and insufficient fluoride exposure in comparison to children in the mixed dentition period.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 children in the primary (5-6 years) and mixed (11-12 years) dentition periods (100 participants per group). Data were collected through parental interviews, oral clinical examination, and saliva sampling. All sectors of the Cariogram, except Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) microbial testing, were evaluated. After obtaining the Cariogram profile of children, their caries risk was estimated and compared between the two groups by t-test. Each Cariogram component was compared between the two groups after controlling for demographic confounders using the regression analysis (alpha=0.05).
Results: In the primary dentition group, 5% of children had very low/low caries risk, 11% had moderate, and 84% had high/very high risk. In the mixed dentition group, 19% had very low/low risk, 32% had moderate, and 49% had high/very high risk. The mean risk of caries was significantly higher in the primary than mixed dentition period (74.92% vs. 56.60%, P=0.002). Caries experience (OR=5.17, P<0.001), salivary secretion (OR=2.61, P=0.002), using a fluoridated toothpaste (OR=2.41, P=0.02), diet (OR=3.14, P=0.01), diet frequency (OR=2.53, P=0.004), and clinical judgment (OR=2.19, P=0.01) were also significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that Iranian children in the primary dentition period had a significantly higher risk of caries, associated with higher sugar intake and insufficient fluoride exposure in comparison to children in the mixed dentition period.
Type of Study: Original article |
Subject:
pediatric
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