en pediatric pediatric Original article Original article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Background and Aim</span></span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana="">Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is effective for arresting dental caries. However, its application results in dark tooth discoloration, raising concerns among pediatric patients and their parents. This study assessed the effects of potassium iodide (KI) plus hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), H₂O₂, and Tooth Stain Remover (TSR) on SDF-induced discoloration of artificially demineralized permanent enamel. &nbsp;</span></span></span>&nbsp;</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Materials and Methods: </span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana="">In this in vitro study, the buccal surface enamel of 33 sound premolars was artificially demineralized and exposed to 38% SDF. The specimens were then randomly assigned to 3 groups of (I) KI + H₂O₂ (application of water-soluble KI followed by 35% H₂O₂ on the discolored surface for 3 minutes), (II) H₂O₂ (application of 35% H₂O₂ for three 20-minute cycles), and (III) TSR (application of TSR for 3 minutes on the discolored surface). The color parameters were measured at baseline, 1 week after the application of SDF, and 1 week after the application of the abovementioned bleaching agents by a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test (alpha=0.05). </span></span></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Results: </span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#0e101a">SDF caused significant color change (&Delta;E) of demineralized enamel in all groups (&Delta;E=36-40), with no significant difference among the study groups (P=0.361). Application of all bleaching agents significantly resolved the dark discoloration in all groups, but KI + H₂O₂ was significantly more effective than H₂O₂ and TSR (P<0.001). TSR was the least effective (P<0.001).</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:105%"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#0e101a">Within the study limitations, the results showed optimal efficacy of KI + H₂O₂ for correction of 38% SDF-induced discoloration in artificially demineralized permanent enamel.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Dental Caries, Hydrogen Peroxide, Potassium Iodide, Silver Diamine Fluoride, Spectrophotometry 238 247 http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1726-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fahim Seraj tavasolisara@yahoo.com 100319475328460015521 0009-0006-9562-0596 No Dentist, Private Practice, Tehran, Iran. Sara Tavassoli-Hojjati saratavasolihojati@gmail.com 100319475328460015522 100319475328460015522 Yes Department of Pediatric Dentistry, TeMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.