Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences

en Comparative Efficacy of Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia with Articaine and Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block with Lidocaine for Pulpotomy of Primary Mandibular Second Molars Under Sedation: A Clinical Trial pediatric pediatric Randomized Clinical Trial <div style="text-align: justify;">Background and Aim: This study compared the efficacy of buccal infiltration anesthesia (BIA) with articaine versus inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with lidocaine for pulpotomy of primary mandibular second molars under intravenous sedation.   Materials and Methods: This split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted on 29 uncooperative children (Frankl scores I & II) between 3-6 years with bilateral primary mandibular second molars requiring pulpotomy. After intravenous sedation, one random quadrant received IANB with 2% lidocaine and the respective tooth underwent pulpotomy with mineral trioxide aggregate and subsequent coronal restoration with a stainless-steel crown. The other quadrant received BIA with 4% articaine in the next session for pulpotomy of the respective tooth. The behavior of children was evaluated right after receiving the sedative (T0), during anesthetic injection (T1), during pulp exposure (T2), and in the recovery room (T3) using non-verbal pain scale-revised (NVPS-R). Data were analyzed by one-way and two-way repeated measures ANOVA (alpha=0.05).  Results: The odds of calmness of children during the entire procedure were 1.7 times higher in BIA than IANB but this difference was not significant (P=0.061). The mean heart rate (HR) of children was generally higher in IANB than BIA (P=0.04 at T1, P<0.001 at T2, and P=0.01 at T3). The effect of time on HR was also significant (P<0.001). Blood oxygen saturation rate (SPO2) was higher in BIA than IANB during the procedure (P<0.001). Conclusion: BIA with articaine had optimal efficacy comparable to that of IANB with lidocaine for pulpotomy of primary second molars under sedation.  </div> Anesthesia, Local, articaine, Deep Sedation, Lidocaine, Mandibular Nerve, Pulpotomy 222 232 http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1437-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Esmaeilzadeh dr_mek_2002@yahoo.com 100319475328460013385 100319475328460013385 No Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nastaran Sadat Mahdavi nasimahdavi@gmail.com 100319475328460013386 100319475328460013386 No DDepartment of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoud Fallahinejad Ghajari masoudfallah36@yahoo.com 100319475328460013387 100319475328460013387 No Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Aliasghar soleymani drsoleymaniali@yahoo.com 100319475328460013388 100319475328460013388 No Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ahmad Eghbali 100319475328460013389 100319475328460013389 No Anesthesiology Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Taraneh Faghihi trnfaghihi@gmail.com 100319475328460013390 100319475328460013390 Yes Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.