en Oral medicine Oral medicine Review article Review article <div> <table align="center" hspace="0" vspace="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left" style="padding-top:0in; padding-right:12px; padding-bottom:0in; padding-left:12px" valign="top"><span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><span style="color:#2e74b5">Background and Aim</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><span style="color:#2e74b5">:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">U</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">niqueness of rugae can be utilized similar to finger prints when compared with other methods in identification of a person, even with the presence of discrepancies in the patterns obtained in different populations. Nonetheless, it still cannot be used as a potential tool in gender discrimination. This study explored the debatable way of the use of palatal rugae for gender discrimination. &nbsp;</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><span style="color:#2e74b5">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"> Key words including &ldquo;palatal rugae&rdquo; and &ldquo;sex determination&rdquo; were used for searching of the following databases: PubMed Central, EMBASE, EBSCOhost and Cochrane from the<br> earliest available date to January 2019. Out of 296 articles, 257 were excluded after abstract analysis. Only 8 articles were finally<br> included.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><span style="color:#2e74b5">Results:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">A total of 1,152 subjects participated in this study, among them, 577 were females and 575 were males. Significant differences were observed in the number, length, and shape of the rugae<br> patterns in both genders from one study to another.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"><span style="color:#2e74b5">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">In this analysis, we observed that females and males showed varied patterns of rugae on the palate, but males<br> predominantly showed a particular pattern compared with females. Palatal rugae cannot be used as the only tool for gender<br> discrimination. </span></span></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> Palate, Forensic Dentistry, Sexism, Female, Male 260 266 http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-942-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 L Reddy padmalavanya1117@gmail.com 100319475328460010565 0000000338194552 Yes Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Afzalgunji, Hyderabad. India M Boringi 100319475328460010566 100319475328460010566 No Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Dental College and Hospital Kamalanagar, Dilsukhnagar, Hyderabad, India K Alluri 100319475328460010567 100319475328460010567 No Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Dental College and Hospital Kamalanagar, Dilsukhnagar, Hyderabad, India M Sujatha 100319475328460010568 100319475328460010568 No Government Dental College and Hospital, Vijayawada, India