Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Association between Decision-Making Styles and Socioemotional Skills in Dental Students 144 150 EN Ramin Harandi Dentistry Department, Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Zeinab Abbasi Senjedary Midwifery Department, Nursing and Midwifery School, Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Sareh Farhadi Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Background and Aim: In dentistry, acquiring knowledge, communication skills, and professional manual skills requires a favorable learning environment. This study aimed to investigate the association of decision-making styles and socioemotional skills in senior dental students (5th semester and higher) of Tehran Islamic Azad University. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 149 senior dental students. Their demographic information was collected, and they were asked to fill out the Melbourne Decision Making questionnaire (MDMQ), and Survey on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES) questionnaire to assess their social-emotional skills. The validity and reliability of the instruments were evaluated. Descriptive statistics and correlations were calculated between the scores of the MDMQ and SSES subscales, and P values < 0.05 were considered significant.    Results: A significant correlation was observed between SSES and MDMQ scores with a rho coefficient of 0.193 (P<0.018). Assertiveness presented positive correlations with MDMQ with a rho coefficient of 0.252 (P<0.002). A positive correlation was also found between tolerance skills and sociability skills with correlation coefficients of rho=0.145 and rho=0.141, respectively (P<0. 00). Significant correlations were observed between decision-making styles and the subscales of creativity (P<0.021) and trust skills (P<0.04), respectively. Conclusion: A significant relationship was found between dental students' socioemotional skills and decision-making styles. Training that involves creativity and trust skills might be crucial for future decision-making by dental students.    

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Comparative Efficacy of Triadent and Ora-Aid Mucoadhesive Patch for Treatment of Minor Aphthous Ulcers: A Clinical Trial 151 158 EN Mohsen Barzegar Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Hamidreza Ghadirian School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Zahra Roustaeizade Shooroki Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Amin Yektaie Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Adele Pouyafard Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Background and Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of Triadent (triamcinolone mucoadhesive paste) and Ora-Aid mucoadhesive patch on the severity of pain, burning sensation, and size of minor aphthous ulcers. Materials and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 40 patients with minor aphthous ulcers. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups (n=20) to use Triadent paste or Ora-Aid mucoadhesive patch (3 times/day). The severity of pain and burning sensation of patients was quantified by a visual analog scale (VAS). Size of lesions was also measured before, and at 3, 5, and 7 days after the treatment by using a graded paper placed next to the lesions. Data were analyzed by the t-test and the Mann-Whitney test (alpha=0.05).  Results: The mean reduction in lesion diameter at 3 days (compared with baseline) was significantly greater in the Ora-Aid than the Triadent group (P=0.000). However, the mean reduction in lesion diameter at 5 and 7 days was significantly greater in the Triadent group (P=0.000). The mean reduction in the severity of pain and burning sensation was significantly greater in the Ora-Aid group than the Triadent group at 3, 5, and 7 days (P=0.000). Conclusion: Both Triadent and Ora-Aid significantly decreased pain, burning sensation, and size of minor aphthous lesions. However, Triadent was significantly more effective for reduction of size of lesions while Ora-Aid was significantly more effective for reduction of pain and burning sensation.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Comparison of the Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery in the Maxillary Sinus between Edentulous and Dentate Patients Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 159 166 EN Azadeh Torkzadeh Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Ali Tavousi School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Milad Etemadi Shalamzari Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran. Sasan Aryanejhad Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Background and Aim: The posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is a branch of the maxillary artery. This study compared the anatomical position of the PSAA in the maxillary sinus between edentulous and dentate patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This descriptive study evaluated 280 maxillary sinus CBCT scans of edentulous and dentate patients. Visibility, vertical diameter, location and type of artery, horizontal distance from the PSAA to the sinus internal wall, distance from the artery to the sinus floor, distance from the artery to the alveolar crest, and distance from the alveolar crest to the sinus floor were studied on coronal sections using SIDEXIS 3D software. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and independent t tests.  Results: The artery type was mainly type I, with no difference between males and females or edentulous and dentate patients (P>0.05). PSAA was primarily located in the second molar area in dentate patients. The horizontal distance from the PSAA to the sinus internal wall, PSAA vertical diameter, distance from the alveolar crest to the sinus floor, and distance from PSAA to the maxillary sinus floor were not different in different age groups (P>0.05). Vertical diameter of PSAA and distance from PSAA to the maxillary sinus floor were not different between edentulous and dentate groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The distance from the PSAA to the sinus internal wall and to the alveolar crest, and the distance from the alveolar crest to the sinus floor were smaller in edentulous patients.

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Effect of a Desensitizing Agent on Microshear Bond Strength of Two Bonding Systems 167 173 EN Shaghayegh Shahidi Private Dental Practice, Tehran, Iran. Solmaz Heidari Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Maryam Rahimikhoob Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Bahareh Farar Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Shadab Safarzadeh Khosroshahi Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Background and Aim: Postoperative tooth hypersensitivity after restorative procedures is a common finding. Considering the obstruction of dentinal tubules following the use of dentin desensitizers, there are some concerns about the effects of desensitizers on the bond strength of bonding systems. This study aimed to assess the effect of a desensitizer on microshear bond strength (µSBS) of two bonding systems. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 20 sound human molars were mesiodistally sectioned into halves, and the roots were cut at the cementoenamel junction. The samples (n=40) were then randomly divided into four groups (n=10): (I) Adper™ Single Bond 2, (II) Desensibilize desensitizing agent+ Adper™ Single Bond 2, (III) Single Bond Universal, and (IV) Desensibilize desensitizing agent + Single Bond Universal. Adhesives and desensitizing agents were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Filtek Z250 composite cylinders were fabricated and bonded to dentin surfaces. The µSBS of each sample was then measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and a post-hoc test (P<0.05).  Results: A reduction in µSBS was found following the application of desensitizing agent in combination with AdperTM Single Bond 2 (P<0.05). The µSBS increased when the desensitizing agent was applied in combination with Single Bond Universal. However, this difference was not significant (P˃0.05). Conclusion: Desensibilize desensitizing agent affected the dentinal tubule obstruction and decreased the µSBS when used with AdperTM Single Bond 2 total-etch system, while the µSBS increased when it was used with Single Bond Universal adhesive.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Effects of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser and CPP-ACP Paste on Remineralization and Discoloration of Enamel White Spot Lesions 174 183 EN Nima Baniasad Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Maryam Poosti Private Orthodontic Practice, Tehran, Iran. Shahrzad Etemadi Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Farhang Mahmoudi Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Kamal Mirmohammadi Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Background and Aim: The prevalence of enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets is high. This study investigated the effects of CO2 laser and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on enamel white spot lesions (WSLs). Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 60 human premolars were stored in a demineralizing solution for 12 weeks to induce WSLs, and divided into four groups (n=15) of no surface treatment (control), CPP-ACP paste application for 4 minutes/day for one week, and CO2 laser (10 mJ, 200 Hz, 10 s) with/without CPP-ACP paste. The teeth were then immersed in artificial saliva for 90 days while being subjected to daily fluoride mouthwash and weekly brushing. Tooth color was measured at baseline, after demineralization, after the interventions, and after 90 days of storage. The Vickers microhardness of the teeth was measured at the enamel surface and 30-, 60-, and 90-µm depths. Data were analyzed by one-way and repeated measures ANOVA and Friedman test.  Results: No significant difference was found among the four groups concerning color change, and all groups had clinically detectable discoloration after remineralization. Laser irradiation through CPP-ACP paste caused a significant increase in microhardness compared to CPP-ACP alone and the control group (P<0.05). Microhardness at 30-, 60- and 90-µm depths was also significantly greater in laser/CPP-ACP compared to other groups (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Application of fractional CO2 laser with/without CPP-ACP paste was not effective in improving the color of WSLs. However, application of CO2 laser through CPP-ACP may be suggested for rehardening of demineralized enamel.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Association of Psychological Factors with Burning Mouth Syndrome in Psychiatric Diseases 184 192 EN Seyed Javad Kia Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Maryam Basirat Dental Sciences Research Center, Medical Education Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Robabeh Soleimani Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shafa Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Kiana Tadayon Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fereshteh Najar-Karimi Assistant Professor, Dental Science Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Background and Aim: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by pain sensation in the tongue and oral mucosa. It has no clinical or laboratory manifestations in early stages. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of BMS with psychiatric diseases and the associated factors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 239 psychiatric patients referred to Shafa Hospital in Rasht, Iran. After recording the demographic information and medical history, mouth dryness and burning severity were assessed by the FOX questionnaire and a visual analogue scale (VAS), respectively. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney test using SPSS version 22.  Results: According to the results, 13.8% of the participants (psychiatric patients) were suffering from BMS, and of all the investigated factors, wearing a denture was the only factor with a statistically significant association with BMS (P=0.044), such that a higher percentage of patients with dentures had BMS. Other factors had no significant relationship with BMS (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that BMS had a significant relationship with wearing a denture, which highlights the necessity of further attention to denture hygiene in BMS patients with psychiatric disorders. Moreover, psychiatric patients in this study showed a higher incidence of BMS. It appears that timely diagnosis and appropriate psychiatric treatment can be effective in better controlling the BMS.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Influence of Polishing Systems on Color Stability of Dental Composite Resins: An In Vitro Study 193 203 EN Ana Francisco University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Gandra PRD, Portugal. Tania Dey Department of Science, South East Technological University, Cork Road Campus, Waterford, Ireland X91 K0EK. José Manuel Mendes Oral Pathology and Reabilitation Researsh Unit (UNIPRO), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Gandra PRD, Portugal. Arnaldo Sousa Oral Pathology and Reabilitation Researsh Unit (UNIPRO), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Gandra PRD, Portugal. Orlanda Torres Oral Pathology and Reabilitation Researsh Unit (UNIPRO), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Gandra PRD, Portugal. Background and Aim: There is a growing demand for esthetic dental treatments with composite resins like Ceram.x SpectraTM ST® (CS) due to the importance of a beautiful smile; but color change may occur affecting the longevity and quality of composite restorations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability of a composite resin, subjected to two different polishing systems, after immersion in different coloring solutions (common beverages). Materials and Methods: Forty specimens were fabricated from CS nanoceramic composite resin and polished with Enhance® and Astropol® finishing and polishing systems. The CIE L*a*b* color parameters were measured before and after immersing the specimens in coffee, red wine, and Coca-Cola. The chromatic difference was assessed by calculating the ∆E. Two-way ANOVA was applied to compare the ∆E values based on the type of polishing system, coloring solution, and their interaction.  Results: Astropol® resulted in better color stability and smoother surfaces than Enhance®. Wine and coffee significantly changed the color stability of tested composite resin (P<0.05), while Coca-Cola did not affect the color stability (P>0.05). Conclusion: The choice of dental finishing and polishing system affects the color stability of CS composite resin following exposure to commonly consumed drinks.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Esthetic Reconstruction of Primary Molars with Direct Composite Crown: One-Year Report of Five Cases 204 210 EN Roozbeh Sadrimanesh Private Dental Practice, Tehran, Iran. Parissa Aref Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Sara Tavasoli-Hojjati Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Saman Haghighat Private Dental Practice, Tehran, Iran. Background and Aim: Dissatisfaction of parents with the appearance of conventional stainless-steel crowns (SSCs) has led the pedodontists to choose alternative esthetic restorations such as zirconia crowns. Case Presentation: In this report, a new approach for fabrication of direct composite crowns for primary molars was described using dual-cure core build-up composite material in five patients with one-year follow-up. Conclusion: Direct composite crown appears to be a suitable esthetic restoration for pulpotomized primary molars in cooperative patients with acceptable oral hygiene.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Auricular Appliance for Maintaining Patency in a Rare Case of Choristoma of the External Acoustic Meatus: A Case Report 211 215 EN Priyanka Balakrishnan Department of Pedodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India. Daya Srinivasan Department of Pedodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India. Eagappan Senthil Department of Pedodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India. Background and Aim: Choristoma is a benign developmental pathological growth characterized by excessive proliferation of mature tissue in ectopic sites. While it can manifest anywhere in the head and neck region, choristoma of the middle ear is more prevalent than the external and internal ear. Case Presentation: Choristoma is a benign developmental pathological growth characterized by excessive proliferation of mature tissue in ectopic sites. While it can manifest anywhere in the head and neck region, choristoma of the middle ear is more prevalent than the external and internal ear. Conclusion: This case underscores the significance of early diagnosis and intervention in managing external ear choristoma to prevent complications such as conductive hearing loss. The use of auricular prosthesis post-surgery shows promise in maintaining patency and minimizing the risk of relapse, emphasizing on the importance of long-term follow-up in such patients.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 3 2024 9 1 Parental Education on Fissure Sealant: A Literature Review 216 221 EN Khadijeh Einolahzadeh Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, ‎Sanandaj, Iran. Afshin Bahmani Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, ‎Sanandaj, Iran. Background and Aim: Fissure sealant therapy is one of the most effective strategies to prevent dental caries. Sealants fill the occlusal grooves of the posterior teeth and prevent the accumulation of microorganisms and subsequent development of caries as such. This study aimed to evaluate parental education on fissure sealant therapy. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in seven international databases or websites including BioMed Central, Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, and Seer, and two national databases (SID and Magiran) for relevant articles on the Iranian population published between 2011 and 2021. Of a total of 3,980 articles retrieved by the initial search, 7 articles were selected with experimental and quasi-experimental designs. The interventions were in the form of educational programs with follow-up sessions, examinations, and preventive services at different times. The variables included knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, fissure sealant, and dental caries.  Results: All the tested variables significantly changed after the educational intervention. Conclusion: According to the results of the reviewed interventional studies in Iran, instruction of oral health-promoting behaviors and fissure sealant therapy to parents has a positive effect on the practice of the parents concerning fissure sealant therapy. It also appears that interventions based on theoretical education and changing behavioral models can be effective in promoting oral health practice.