Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Solubility of Endoseal and AH26 Root Canal Sealers 1 7 EN Nooshin Fakhari Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Ali Reza Mirjani Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Abbas Bagheri Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Jalil Modaresi Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Background and Aim: Solubility of endodontic sealers should not exceed 3wt% in 24 hours. High solubility of sealers leads to gap formation and leakage through the canal wall and root filling material interface. This study aimed to compare the solubility of Endoseal and AH26 endodontic sealers. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 10 specimens with the same dimensions were fabricated from Endoseal and AH26 sealers (n=5 from each). After complete setting and initial weighing, each specimen was placed in a separate container containing 50 cc of distilled water and incubated at 37°C. The weight loss of specimens was calculated using a digital scale after 1, 3, 7, and 30 days of immersion. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 using t-test and repeated measures ANOVA (alpha=0.05).  Results: The overall mean weight of the two groups at different time points was not significantly different (P=0.453). Nevertheless, a significant weight change was observed in both the AH26 and Endoseal groups over time (P=0.0001). The solubility of AH26 increased while the solubility of Endoseal decreased with time (P=0.0001). Conclusion: The solubility of both sealers was within the acceptable range according to the ANSI/ADA in the first 24 hours after setting. Both sealers experienced significant weight change over time, which was ascending in AH26 and descending in Endoseal.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 To What Extent Does Isolation Precaution Training Affect the Mean Scores of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Iranian Dental Students? 8 14 EN Maryam Hejazi Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Fateme Eskandari School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Iman Saheb Karam School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Bahar Asheghi Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Background and Aim: Dental healthcare professionals may encounter various infectious diseases which necessitate the application of isolation precautions. This study aimed to assess the effects of isolation precaution training on the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice of Iranian dental students. Materials and Methods: This questionnaire-based study was carried out on 80 participants including 40 undergraduate and 40 postgraduate dental students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. A self-administered questionnaire including three scales of knowledge, attitude, and practice was used for data collection. A pamphlet was also distributed among the participants regarding infection control isolation precautions. After 4 weeks, the participants were asked to fill out the same questionnaire again. Paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation test were used to statistically analyze the data (alpha=0.05).    Results: The mean knowledge score was significantly higher in postgraduate than undergraduate dental students (P=0.030). The mean knowledge scores of postgraduate (P=0.032) and undergraduate (P=0.001) dental students significantly improved after the intervention. The intervention also significantly increased the mean attitude score of postgraduate dental students (P=0.016). A positive linear correlation was detected between practice and attitude (r=0.244, P<0.05). Conclusion: The mean knowledge and attitude scores of postgraduate and undergraduate dental students in the present study were higher than those of previous studies. However, the mean practice score was poor. Moreover, isolation precaution training increased the mean scores of knowledge and attitude. More equipment and continuous educational programs in accordance with the guidelines are needed.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 In Vitro Effects of Chlorhexidine and Listerine Mouthwashes on Color Stability of Glazed Bilayer Zirconia and IPS E.Max Ceramics 15 20 EN Gholamreza Esfahanizadeh Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Reza Kooshki Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Hamed Karimipoor Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Verishe Rastin Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Background and Aim: This study aimed to assess the effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and Listerine mouthwashes on color stability of glazed bilayer zirconia and IPs e.max ceramics. Materials and Methods: This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 36 glazed bilayer zirconia and IPS e.max ceramic specimens. The baseline CIE L*a*b* color parameters of specimens were measured by a spectrophotometer. The bilayer zirconia and IPS e.max ceramic specimens were then randomly assigned to two subgroups for immersion in 10 mL of 0.2% CHX (n=9) and 10 mL of Listerine (n=9). The specimens were immersed in the respective solutions for 2 minutes daily for 7 days. Next, their color parameters were spectrophotometrically measured again. The color change (∆E) of ceramics in the three groups was calculated and compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test and two-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05).    Results: The L*, a*, and b* color parameters of glazed bilayer zirconia and IPs e.max ceramic specimens were not significantly different at baseline (P=0.8) or after the intervention (P=0.6). The ∆E of the subgroups was not significantly different either (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both glazed bilayer zirconia and IPs e.max ceramics showed clinically acceptable color stability (∆E<3.3) following immersion in CHX and Listerine mouthwashes.

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Attitude and Professionalism in Education of Residents at the School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University of Tehran 21 27 EN kowsar Ebrahimi Dental Material Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2 Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Material Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Arezoo Alaee Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Material Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Afshin Haraji Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty Principal, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Background and Aim: Positive attitude of dentists towards the professional ethical principles can improve the quality of provided services and minimize occupational stress. This study aimed to assess the attitude and professionalism in education of dental residents at the School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University, Tehran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all dental residents attending the School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University in Tehran in 2022. Data were collected using the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) professionalism questionnaire, which was translated to Persian by Aramesh, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. This questionnaire includes two parts of (I) demographic information, and (II) questions regarding the perception of professionalism at work (totally 17 questions) in four main domains of excellence, honor/integrity, altruism/respect, and empathy. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and regression test.  Results: Of 57 dental residents, 26.3% were males and 73.7% were females. The mean total score of professionalism was found to be 114.96±23.45 out of 153, and the overall percentage of professionalism was calculated to be 75.13%±15.33% out of 100%. The percentage of professionalism score in the third-year and higher residents was 8% higher than that in second-year residents (P=0.052). The mean percentage of professionalism score was not significantly correlated with the field of specialty, gender, age, participation in related courses, or grade point average (GPA) (P>0.05). Conclusion: It appears that attitude and professionalism of dental residents of School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University of Tehran in 2022 were optimal. The honor/integrity domain acquired the highest, and the altruism/respect domain gained the lowest score.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Cleaning Efficacy of Mtwo and BioRaCe Rotary Systems: A Microbiological Evaluation 28 34 EN Hadi Mokhtari Department of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Negin Ghasemi Department of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Negin Firouzi Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Mohammad Hossein Soroush Barhaghi Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Davood Sokhandani Department of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Background and Aim: Effective cleaning and shaping of the root canal system is an essential part of a successful root canal treatment and is considered as one of the basic features of rotary instruments. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of two types of nickel-titanium rotary files namely BioRaCe and Mtwo, in reduction of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) count in the root canal system. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 50 extracted human single-rooted teeth were assigned to two groups plus a positive and a negative control group (20 samples in each group). First, the root canals were sterilized and were then inoculated with E. faecalis (ATCC: 11700). Subsequently, all the root canals were instrumented with BioRaCe and Mtwo nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Then, samples were collected from inside the root canals and cultured in a special medium to evaluate the remaining colonies. The Chi-square goodness of fit test was used to assess the difference in bacterial colony count after root canal preparation with the two rotary systems (alpha=0.05).  Results: Complete bacterial growth was observed in both the BioRaCe and Mtwo groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding bacterial elimination from the root canal system (P>0.05). Conclusion: Under the limitations of the current study, the two rotary systems exhibited no superiority over each other in terms of their ability to eliminate microorganisms from the root canal system.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Panoramic Radiographic Features of Patients with Acute Leukemia and Lymphoma who Are Candidates for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation 35 42 EN Azita Azad Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Janan Ghapanchi Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Ali Hakimelahi Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Zahra Mansouri Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Background and Aim: Hematopoietic malignancies like leukemia and lymphoma may present several complications. This study aimed to evaluate the panoramic radiographic features of patients with acute leukemia and lymphoma who are candidates for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 63 panoramic radiographs of HSCT candidates (25 females, 38 males, between 16-75 years) and 62 healthy individuals (25 females, 37 males, between 16-73 years) were evaluated in Shiraz, Iran. Osteoporosis, pathological radiolucencies, pathological calcifications, cortical bone thickness, periodontal disease, condylar degeneration, and other alveolar bone findings were recorded. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests (alpha=0.05).  Results: The thickness of nasal floor cortical bone, mandibular inferior cortex, and mandibular canal cortex was significantly lower in the patient group than the healthy group (P<0.05). Other abnormalities such as changes in periodontal ligament width, lamina dura thickness, and condylar degeneration were also more prevalent in HSCT patients compared to healthy controls (P≤0.05). Conclusion: It appears that panoramic views provide reliable information for detection of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HSCT patients. This may reduce the use of expensive and invasive diagnostic workups with radiation exposure to detect low bone density in this group of compromised patients.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Predictive Role of Ectopic Calcifications on Digital Panoramic Radiographs in the West of Iran 43 48 EN Khadijeh Abdal Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Azar Yari Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Mahtab Bonyadi Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences,Ilam,Iran Elham Shafiei Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Background and Aim: Although soft tissue calcifications are relatively common and are commonly seen on panoramic radiographs, few studies have reported their causes. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between systemic diseases and ectopic calcifications. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the study population included patients referred to the Radiology Department of two specialized dental clinics in Ilam and Kermanshah cities from 2020-2021. A total of 1000 participants were voluntarily examined. The collected data were analyzed using the correlation and logistic regression tests.  Results: The prevalence of calcifications was 39.4% in Ilam and 27.6% in Kermanshah. Also, the results showed that there was a significant relationship between systemic diseases and calcifications (P<0.05). The correlation coefficient between systemic diseases and calcifications was r=0.76 (P=0.02) in Ilam, and r=0.84 (P=0.00) in Kermanshah. Age and sex could not predict calcifications (P>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings, calcifications on panoramic radiographs may serve as a predictor for presence of systemic diseases.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Oral Health Literacy and Its Correlation with Socioeconomic Status in an Iranian Population 49 56 EN Seyyed Solmaz Taheri Research Committee, Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahya Farsadeghi Dental School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Maedeh Mostanadi Dental School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Amin Ansari Dental School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Nikoo Ghasemi Dental School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Sona Rafieyan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Background and Aim: This study aimed to assess the oral health literacy (OHL) and its correlation with socioeconomic status (SES) in residents of Zanjan city, Iran by introducing a new questionnaire for this purpose. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,513 individuals residing in Zanjan city, Iran, in 2019. The demographic information, OHL, and SES of the participants were evaluated by using relevant questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaire designed for assessment of OHL was evaluated by calculation of the intra-class correlation coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha, while its validity was assessed by calculation of content validity index and content validity ratio. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05).  Results: Data of 1,513 individuals with a mean age of 33.3±9.93 years were analyzed, including 59.6% males and 40.4% females. The Cronbach’s alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient were found to be 0.71 and 0.81, respectively. OHL was inadequate in 29.1%, marginal in 37.4%, and adequate in 33.4% of the participants. The mean level of OHL of females was higher than males. Those with low SES had low OHL and this correlation was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The OHL of the study population was moderate. Since there is no specific practical method for enhancement of OHL of the general population, educational OHL programs are recommended with particular attention to older individuals and those with lower SES.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Autogenous Bone Grafting for Treatment of a Complex Odontoma: A Case Report 57 60 EN Devanshu Sinha Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India Ishika Sinha Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Background and Aim: Complex odontomas are commonly found in the anterior maxilla and mandible, and are typically asymptomatic unless they cause tooth displacement or other complications. Management of odontomas depends on the size and location of the lesion, and may include surgical excision and bone grafting. Case Presentation: This case report presents a rare case of complex odontoma in a 20-year-old female patient complaining of a maxillary malposed tooth along with a swelling for the past 5 years. The patient underwent excision of the lesion along with extraction of the affected tooth and autogenous bone grafting of the defect site. Histopathological analysis confirmed the provisional diagnosis of odontoma. Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of proper diagnosis and management of odontomas to prevent potential complications.  

Islamic Azad University Dental Branch Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 2588-4166 9 1 2024 3 1 Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma: A New Approach for Management of Periodontitis and Peri-implantitis 61 70 EN Hoda Ghodrati Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sara Monem Moharrer Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Science Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Arash Azizi Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Background and Aim: Plasma is commonly known as the fourth state of matter. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) is a new, simple, and non-invasive approach that has become popular in various fields. Due to its potential antibacterial properties, it has become a widely used disinfectant in clinical science. It has even been employed for therapeutic purposes, such as cancer treatment and wound healing. This review aims to introduce CAPP as a new approach for management of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles published between 2000 and 2023 using the keywords: “plasma gases”, “non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma”, “cold atmospheric pressure plasma”, “cold plasma”, “periodontal”, “periodontitis” and “peri-implantitis”.  Results: The results showed that CAPP is effective for reducing the bacterial load and inflammation, modification of implant surfaces, promoting tissue regeneration, and improvement of clinical parameters. The use of CAPP in periodontal therapy and management of peri-implantitis is still in its early stages but studies have shown promising results. Conclusion: CAPP appears to be a promising adjuvant therapy for periodontitis and management of peri-implantitis. However, further clinical studies are needed to fully explore its potential and determine its effectiveness for this purpose.