en Restorative Dentistry Restorative Dentistry Original article Original article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:13pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Background and Aim</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""> Different fluoride varnish formulations may exhibit varying effects on the recovery of demineralized enamel. This study aimed to compare the effects of two fluoride varnishes on the microhardness of demineralized enamel. &nbsp;</span></span>&nbsp;</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""> In this in vitro experimental study, 40 sound enamel specimens were prepared and assigned to four groups (n=10): sound enamel, demineralized enamel, remineralized enamel using AV varnish (Avijeh Teb Parsian), and remineralized enamel using Enamelast (Ultradent). In each group, the baseline enamel microhardness was first measured at the surface and then from the most superficial point towards the dentinoenamel junction at 10 &micro;m intervals. To measure the depth of demineralization and remineralization, the specimens were mesiodistally sectioned by a thin sectioner. A standard acid with a pH of 4.4 was used for enamel demineralization. Microhardness was measured by the Vickers microhardness tester. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey&rsquo;s HSD test (alpha=0.05). </span></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Results:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#0e101a">Application of fluoride varnish effectively enhanced enamel remineralization, and the efficacy of the two varnishes was significantly different for enamel remineralization both at the enamel surface and also at different depths (P<0.05).</span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:" verdana=""><span style="color:#0e101a"> The results showed that both Enamelast and AV fluoride varnishes increased demineralized enamel microhardness. Enamelast was more effective than AV for enhancement of superficial enamel microhardness while AV was more effective in enhancement of deep enamel microhardness. None of the varnishes could increase demineralized enamel microhardness to the level of sound enamel.</span></span></span></div> Dental Enamel, Fluorides, Topical, Hardness, Tooth Demineralization, Tooth Remineralization 259 267 http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3263-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 kiana Mojtahedzadeh kiana.mojtahedzadeh@gmail.com 100319475328460017646 100319475328460017646 No Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Narges Panahandeh nargespanahandeh@yahoo.com 100319475328460017647 100319475328460017647 No Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahsa Nikaein Mahsanikaeen1994@gmail.com 100319475328460017648 100319475328460017648 Yes Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.